Resumen

Magnetic nanoparticles, in particular magnetite (Fe3O4), have been explored for their potential use as drug delivery systems and agents for magnetic medical imaging (MRI) and hyperthermal therapy. We have evaluated the use of nearly monodispersed, water soluble and stable Fe3O4 nanoparticles (~30 nm) modified with a biocompatible polysaccharide coating making them possible drug delivery carriers to the brain. The nano-platform was characterized using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), SEM and TEM electron microscopies. Drug loading and release of dopamine in different mediums was followed in a closed vessel until a pseudo-equilibrium was reached during periods up to 48 hours using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles were tested in an animal model of Parkinson´s disease being administered via intranasal to a set of male Wistar rats in order to evaluate its biodistribution in the brain as well as the released dopamine. The presence of nanoparticles distributed in different regions of the rat´s brains and olfactory bulb was confirmed by histopathological analysis, including Perls´ Prussian blue staining to detect exogenous Fe(III) and verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tracking. A HPLC analysis was completed to quantify the dopamine released by the nanoparticles and to evaluate if other catecholamines were affected, comparing this information between four different groups of animals. Our results suggest that this biocompatible, nanostructured system may become an interesting, non-invasive method to introduce therapeutics into the brain for the potential treatment of several neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson´s disease.

Palabras clave: Nanotechnology, nanoscience, neuroscience, Parkinson´s disease, neurochemistry.

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Veloz Castillo, M. F. 2018. Nanoparticles for Brain Drug Delivery: Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation. Artículo Científico Licenciatura. Nanotecnología e Ingeniería Molecular. Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad de las Américas Puebla. Mayo. Derechos Reservados © 2018.